Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
Alkene among the given hydrocarbons is to be identified.
Concept introduction:
Hydrocarbons are the binary compounds that consist of carbon and hydrogen atoms in its structure.
Answer to Problem 21.4TC
Among the given hydrocarbons
Explanation of Solution
According to the general formula of alkenes, for 8 carbon atoms, there must be 16 hydrogen atoms. Hydrocarbon,
According to the general formula of alkenes, for 4 carbon atoms there must be 8 hydrogen atoms, for 7 carbon atoms there must be 14 hydrogen atoms, for 2 carbon atoms, there must be 4 hydrogen atoms. Hydrocarbons
Among the given hydrocarbons
(b)
Interpretation:
The structural formula of trans-difluoroethene
Concept introduction:
Isomers are the compounds which have the same molecular formula but a different structural arrangement of atoms. Alkenes have a double bond between carbon atoms. Due to the presence of a double bond, the rotation about adjacent carbon-carbon atoms is highly restricted. Hence, alkenes can exist in two forms which have the same molecular formula but a different strucutral arrangement of atoms around the double bond. This isomerism is a type of stereoisomerism which is known as geometric isomerism or cis-trans isomerism. In alkenes, when the two similar groups are present on the same side of the double bond is known as cis-isomer and when the two same groups are on the opposite side of the double bond then is known trans-isomer.
In the IUPAC name of an alkene, the Greek prefix represents the number of the substituent, the term before the Greek prefix represents the isomer of the alkene. The suffix for alkene is ‘ene’.
Answer to Problem 21.4TC
The structural formula of trans-difluoroethene
Explanation of Solution
The structural formula of trans-difluoroethene
The structural formula of trans-difluoroethene
(c)
Interpretation:
Concept introduction:
Hydrocarbons are the binary compounds that consist of carbon and hydrogen atoms in its structure. Alkynes are the hydrocarbons that are unsaturated and consist of at least one carbon-carbon triple bond in its structure. The general representation of alkynes is
Answer to Problem 21.4TC
Among the given hydrocarbons
Explanation of Solution
According to the alkynes general formula, for 4 carbon atoms there must be 6 hydrogen atoms and for 7 carbon atoms, there must be 12 hydrogen atoms. Hydrocarbons
According to the alkynes general formula, for 8 carbon atoms there must be 14 hydrogen atoms and for 2 carbon atoms, there must be 4 hydrogen atoms.
Among the given hydrocarbons
(d)
Interpretation:
Straight chain isomers of pentyne and structural formula of
Concept introduction:
Isomers are the compounds which have the same molecular formula but different structural formula. Alkynes are the hydrocarbons that are unsaturated and consist of at least one carbon-carbon triple bond in its structure. The general representation of alkynes is
Answer to Problem 21.4TC
There are two straight chain isomers of pentyne:
Explanation of Solution
There are two straight chain isomers of pentyne:
There are two straight chain isomers of pentyne:
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Chapter 21 Solutions
Introductory Chemistry: An Active Learning Approach
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- (a) What structural feature is associated with each type of hydrocarbon: alkane, cycloalkane, alkene, and alkyne?(b) Give the general formula for each type.(c) Which hydrocarbons are considered saturated?arrow_forwardDraw the structure of a hydrocarbon with molecular formula C6H10 that also contains: (a) a carbon–carbon triple bond; (b) two carbon–carbon double bonds; (c) one ring and one C=C.arrow_forwardCan a hydrocarbon have each of the following molecular formulas? Explain why or why not in each case. (a) C 3H 8; (b) C 3H 9; (c) C 3H 6arrow_forward
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