Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 43, Problem 2TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The skeletal muscle consists of muscle fibers that are cylindrical and run along the entire length of the skeletal muscle. The muscle fibers consist of many fibrils that give a striated appearance to the muscle. The muscle fibers are multinucleated and supply nutrients and oxygen to the muscles tissue.
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Considering the Length-Tension Relationship of skeletal muscle fibers, over stretching a
muscle fiber or not stretching a muscle fiber enough, results ina decrease in force developed
(during contraction) because:
27.
A. An "over-stretched" muscle fiber or an “under-stretched" muscle fiber will not allow
Calcium, from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, to adequately diffuse into the cytoplasm.
B. An "over-stretched" muscle fiber or an "under-stretched" muscle fiber will not allow an
optimum amount of contact and overlap for the contractile proteins.
C. An "over-stretched" muscle fiber or an“under-stretched" muscle fiber will not allow the
Action Potential to reach the troponin-activation channels.
D. An "over-stretched" muscle fiber or an "under-stretched" muscle fiber will not allow the
Sodium current to depolarize the membrane.
Teurons to
When a skeletal muscle fiber undergoes a concentric isotonic contraction,a. M lines remain the same distance apart.b. Z lines move closer to the ends of the A bands.c. A bands become shorter.d. I bands become wider.e. M lines move closer to the end of the A band.
Match the following terms with the correct definition._____ Z-disc a. The dark band containing the entire length of the thick filament _____ Sarcomere b. The band of proteins in the middle of the H zone_____ A band c. The boundary between sarcomeres_____ H zone d. The functional unit of contraction_____ I band e. The middle region of the A band containing only thick filaments_____ M line f. The light band containing only thinfilaments
Chapter 43 Solutions
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 43.1 - Prob. 1SBCh. 43.1 - Prob. 2SBCh. 43.1 - Prob. 3SBCh. 43.2 - Prob. 1SBCh. 43.2 - Prob. 2SBCh. 43.3 - Prob. 1SBCh. 43.3 - Prob. 2SBCh. 43 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 43 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 43 - Prob. 3TYK
Ch. 43 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 43 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 43 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 43 - Which of the following is not an example of a...Ch. 43 - Endoskeletons: a. protect internal organs and...Ch. 43 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 43 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 43 - Prob. 11TYKCh. 43 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 43 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 43 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 43 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 43 - Prob. 1ITDCh. 43 - Prob. 2ITDCh. 43 - Prob. 3ITDCh. 43 - Prob. 4ITD
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- Explain why (a) calcium ions and (b) ACh are vital for muscle contraction.arrow_forwardEvery skeletal muscle fiber is supplied by a motor neuron at the NMJ. Watch this video (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/skelmuscfiber) to learn more about what happens at the neuromuscular junction. (a) What is the definition of a motor unit? (b) What is the structural and functional difference between a large motor unit and a small motor unit? Can you give an example of each? (c) Why is the neurotransmitter acetylcholine degraded after binding to its receptor?arrow_forwardConcerning the cross-bridge (CB) power stroke, it is true that: O a. All of these O b. In concentric contractions, the CB power stroke pulls the actin filament toward the center of the sarcomere, causing sarcomere shortening O C. In isometric contractions, the CB power stroke pulls the actin filament straight down, preventing shortening or lengthening O d. In eccentric contractions, the CB power stroke pushes the actin filament away from the center of the sarcomere, causing sarcomere lengthening TOSHIBAarrow_forward
- Repetitive stimulation of a skeletal muscle fiber will cause an increase in contractile strength because repetitive stimulation causes an increase in Select one : O a . The velocity of muscle contraction O b . The number of muscle myofibrils generating tension O Concentration of calcium in the myoplasm O d . The duration of cross - bridge cyclingarrow_forwardConsidering the force of contraction of a skeletal muscle fiber,wave summation occurs because ofa. increased strength of action potentials on the plasma membrane.b. a decreased number of cross-bridges formed.c. an increase in Ca2+concentration around the myofibrils.d. an increased number of motor units recruited.e. increased permeability of the sarcolemma to Ca2+arrow_forwardSummation in a single muscle fibre means that Select one: a. the fibre increases the frequency of contraction b. the fibre stays contracted longer c. the fibre increases the force of the contraction and stays contracted longer d. the fibre increases the force of the contraction e. the fibre increases both the force and frequency of contractionarrow_forward
- What role (function) does calcium have within a muscle fiber? a. trigger muscle potentials along t-tubules b. trigger contraction by causing the formation of cross bridges c. trigger exocytosis of ACh across the synaptic space d. trigger action potentials along axons e. open voltage gates within the sarcoplasmic reticulum 2. Which of the following are regulatory proteins that allow a muscle fiber to contract when calcium is present? (select all that apply) dystrophin troponin myosin tropomyosin actin 3. During this phase of an action potential, potassium ions exit the cell through voltage gated potassium channels. a. depolarization b. repolarization c. glycolysis d. cross bridge formationarrow_forwardWith regard to muscle contraction, which of the following is an INCORRECT statement with regard to the interactions of filaments that occur in the sarcomere? A. When muscles are relaxed tropomyosin blocks binding sites on actin subunits, which keeps cross-bridges from forming. B. The myosin heads conduct a power stroke motion to slide when bound to actin, to move the "thin" filaments towards the center of the sarcomere. C. During contraction, actin subunits are removed from the ends of the "thin" filaments to shorten actin polymers, thus reducing the length of the sarcomere. D. "Thick" filaments are anchored at the M-line, while "thin" filaments are anchored at the Z-line. E. Numerous myosin heads engage with the actin filaments simultaneously, such that there is no back-slipping during the contraction process.arrow_forward
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