Principles of Biology
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781259875120
Author: Robert Brooker, Eric P. Widmaier Dr., Linda Graham Dr. Ph.D., Peter Stiling Dr. Ph.D.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 34.2, Problem 2TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The system in the body that is responsible for making the organism hear is termed as the auditory system. This system is further divided into the peripheral auditory system and the central auditory system. The peripheral auditory system is composed of outer ear, inner ear, and middle ear. The central auditory system is the region from the cochlear nucleus to the primary auditory cortex.
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The function of structure 4, the round window, is to _________.
bulge outward to give the fluid of the inner ear somewhere to go when the stapes pushes inward
transmit sound from the ear ossicles of the middle ear to the hair cells of the inner ear
amplify the sound wave as it is transmitted from the typanic membrane to the ear ossicles
prevent fluid in the middle ear from entering the inner ear while allowing sound transmission
The external ear consists of (Select ALL that apply)
ossicles
tympanic membrane
auricle
external auditory canal
The cochlea looks like a ______ & it's function is for ______.
snailshell; equilibrium
spiral; heraing
spiral; equilibrium
snailshell; hearing
___________ are receptors for hearing and are located in a structures called _______ within the cochlea.
Question options:
A
Auditory receptors; vestibules
B
Hair cells; spiral organs
C
Auditory receptors; semicircular canals
D
Hair cells; semicircular canals
Chapter 34 Solutions
Principles of Biology
Ch. 34.1 - Prob. 1BCCh. 34.1 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 34.2 - Prob. 1BCCh. 34.2 - Prob. 2BCCh. 34.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 34.2 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 34.2 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 34.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 34.3 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 34.4 - Prob. 1CC
Ch. 34.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 34.4 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 34.4 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 34.5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 34.5 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 34.5 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 34.6 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 34.6 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 1TYCh. 34 - Prob. 2TYCh. 34 - The sensory receptors for audition (hearing) are...Ch. 34 - In an experiment to test the function of...Ch. 34 - Prob. 5TYCh. 34 - Prob. 6TYCh. 34 - Prob. 7TYCh. 34 - Prob. 8TYCh. 34 - Which is true? A loss of taste buds would reduce a...Ch. 34 - Prob. 10TYCh. 34 - Prob. 1CCQCh. 34 - Prob. 2CCQCh. 34 - Prob. 3CCQCh. 34 - Prob. 1CBQCh. 34 - Prob. 2CBQ
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- Figure 36.14 Cochlear implants can restore hearing in people who have a nonfunctional cochlea The implant consists of a microphone that picks up sound. A speech processor selects sounds in the range of human speech, and a transmitter converts these sounds to electrical impulses, which are then sent to the auditory nerve. Which of the following types of hearing loss would not be restored by a cochlear implant? Hearing loss resulting from absence or loss of hair cells in the organ of Corti. Hearing loss resulting from an abnormal auditory nerve. Hearing loss resulting from fracture of the cochlea. Hearing loss resulting from damage to bones of the middle ear.arrow_forwardOccupational Hearing Loss Frequent exposure to loud noise of a particular pitch can cause loss of hair cells in the part of the cochlea that responds to that pitch. People who work with or around noisy machinery are at risk for such frequency-specific hearing loss. Taking precautions such as using ear plugs to reduce sound exposure is important. Noise-induced hearing loss can be prevented, but once it occurs it is irreversible because dead or damaged hair cells are not replaced. FIGURE 33.24 shows the threshold decibel levels at which sounds of different frequencies can be detected by an average 25-year-old carpenter, a 50-year-old carpenter, and a 50-year-old who has not been exposed to on-the-job noise. Sound frequencies are given in hertz (cycles per second). The more cycles per second, the higher the pitch. FIGURE 33.24 Effects of age aria occupational noise exposure. The graph shows the threshold hearing capacities fin decibels) for sounds of different frequencies (given in hertz) in a 25-year-okj carpenter (blue), a 50-year-old carpenter (red), and a 50-year-otd who did not have any on-the-job noise exposure (brown). 3. Which of the three people had the best hearing in the range of 4,000 to 6,000 hertz? Which had the worst?arrow_forwardOccupational Hearing Loss Frequent exposure to loud noise of a particular pitch can cause loss of hair cells in the part of the cochlea that responds to that pitch. People who work with or around noisy machinery are at risk for such frequency-specific hearing loss. Taking precautions such as using ear plugs to reduce sound exposure is important. Noise-induced hearing loss can be prevented, but once it occurs it is irreversible because dead or damaged hair cells are not replaced. FIGURE 33.24 shows the threshold decibel levels at which sounds of different frequencies can be detected by an average 25-year-old carpenter, a 50-year-old carpenter, and a 50-year-old who has not been exposed to on-the-job noise. Sound frequencies are given in hertz (cycles per second). The more cycles per second, the higher the pitch. FIGURE 33.24 Effects of age aria occupational noise exposure. The graph shows the threshold hearing capacities fin decibels) for sounds of different frequencies (given in hertz) in a 25-year-okj carpenter (blue), a 50-year-old carpenter (red), and a 50-year-otd who did not have any on-the-job noise exposure (brown). 2. How loud did a 1,000-hertz sound have to be for the 50-year-old carpenter to detect it?arrow_forward
- Occupational Hearing Loss Frequent exposure to loud noise of a particular pitch can cause loss of hair cells in the part of the cochlea that responds to that pitch. People who work with or around noisy machinery are at risk for such frequency-specific hearing loss. Taking precautions such as using ear plugs to reduce sound exposure is important. Noise-induced hearing loss can be prevented, but once it occurs it is irreversible because dead or damaged hair cells are not replaced. FIGURE 33.24 shows the threshold decibel levels at which sounds of different frequencies can be detected by an average 25-year-old carpenter, a 50-year-old carpenter, and a 50-year-old who has not been exposed to on-the-job noise. Sound frequencies are given in hertz (cycles per second). The more cycles per second, the higher the pitch. FIGURE 33.24 Effects of age aria occupational noise exposure. The graph shows the threshold hearing capacities fin decibels) for sounds of different frequencies (given in hertz) in a 25-year-okj carpenter (blue), a 50-year-old carpenter (red), and a 50-year-otd who did not have any on-the-job noise exposure (brown). 4. Based on these data, would you conclude that the hearing decline in the 50-year-old carpenter was caused by age or by job-related noise exposure?arrow_forwardPut the following parts of the ear in the order in which sounds waves would pass through them: auditory canal, cochlea, cochlear branch of vestibulocochlear nerve, incus, malleus, oval window, stapes, tympanic membranearrow_forwardThe retina consist of (Select ALL that apply) muscle fibers bipolar cells photoreceptors ganglion cells The ___________ consist of ____ loops & they function in ___________. semicircular canals; 3; equilibrium semicircular canals; 4; hearing semicircular canals; 4; equilibrium semicircular canals; 3; hearingarrow_forward
- Figure 1 shows the internal structure of the ear. Label and Describe in details how A-G structure works collectively in the hearing mechanism.arrow_forwardWhich of the following parts of the vertebrate ear functions in the sense of balance? Cochlea Organ of Corti Eardrum Vestibular apparatusarrow_forwardYou are experiencing some hearing loss. You don’t work with loud machinery or go to loud concerts. But, you do work in a busy smoothie bar, so have regular exposure to a loud blender. The ear doctor tells you that although blenders are only moderately loud, frequent exposure to sound levels greater than _______ (like the blender) has most likely caused damage to the cochlear hairs that produce those sounds. 75 dB 95 dB 125 dB 150 dB 175dBarrow_forward
- Dizziness and vertigo are symptoms of fluid build up in the cochlea and inner ear. Receptors for hearing are called hair cells and are only stimulated upon movement. Discuss how the increase in fluid can lead to a malfunction in the receptors leading to dizziness and inability to hear well. You will need to discuss the pathway of hearing using the tympanic membrane, malleus, incus, stapes, round window, oval window, hair cells and vestibulocochlear nerve in your response.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is a TRUE difference between most fish ears and mammal ears? Mammal ears include a cochlea, which is not found in fishes Some fish have 2 middle ear bones, while mammals have 3 Mammals have Weberian ossicles to aid in sound transfer to the inner ear, while no fish species have these Mammals have semicircular canals, while fish do not have these Please answer asaparrow_forwardAll sensory organs convert energy in the environment into action potentials in the nervous systern. Explain the process of how our ears convert energy in the form of sound waves in the air into action potentials along a nerve. Include the appropriate order of structures and regions of the ear as well as the physiological process of creating action potentials and interpreting them in the brain.arrow_forward
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