Principles of Biology
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781259875120
Author: Robert Brooker, Eric P. Widmaier Dr., Linda Graham Dr. Ph.D., Peter Stiling Dr. Ph.D.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 16, Problem 5TY
According to Mary Lyon’s hypothesis, the patchwork pattern on a calico cat can be explained by which of the following?
- One of the X chromosomes is converted to a Ban body in somatic cells of female mammals.
- One of the X chromosomes is converted to a Ban body in all cells of female mammals.
- Both of the X chromosomes are converted to Ban bodies in somatic cells of female mammals.
- Both of the X chromosomes are converted to Ban bodies in all cells of female mammals.
- One of the X chromosomes is lost in the somatic cells of female mammals.
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A panel of cell lines was created by human–mouse somatic-cell hybridization. Each line was examined for the presence of human chromosomes and for the production of an enzyme. The following results were obtained:On the basis of these results, which chromosome has the gene that encodes the enzyme?
Give typing answer with explanation and conclusion to all parts
The chromosomes drawn below are found in a human skin cell. The lines represent the chromosomes themselves. The letters indicate the location of a particular version of a gene.
a) T/F An individual’s offspring are more likely to inherit a D1 and R together than a D1 and T9 together.
b) T/F About 50% of the egg cells from this individual will have both T9 and BA5.
c) T/F Because r is recessive, the frequency at which the r version of the gene occurs in a population is lower than the frequency at which the R version occurs in the population.
d) T/F If the protein produced by the BA gene is involved in the formation of ovaries, then the BA gene is likely located on a sex chromosome.
e) T/F Because the genes shown here are found in skin cells, these genes code for proteins required for skin cell function.
The beach mouse (Peromyscus polionotus) is a small rodent found in the southeastern United
States. Coat color in the beach mouse is variable, from dark brown to blonde (Figure 1). A pigment called eumelanin is responsible for some of the diversity in mouse coat color. The
MC1R gene, located on chromosome 8, plays a major role in the synthesis of eumelanin. There are two alleles of MC1R:
R allele. Results in a functional MC1R protein that leads to stimulation of pigment production. This allele is found in dark colored mice.
C allele. Results in a non-functional MC1R protein. Pigment production is, as a result, not stimulated. This allele is found in light colored mice.
Figure 1. Beach mouse with light fur (left) and dark (right).
These mice are hunted by visual predators like owls and fox. The distribution of coat color is not random. Beach mice with dark fur are found further inland, on dark brown soils while mice with light fur are found on beaches, where the sand is…
Chapter 16 Solutions
Principles of Biology
Ch. 16.1 - Which of the following is an epigenetic change...Ch. 16.2 - If you crossed an Igf 2 Igf 2- male mouse to an...Ch. 16.2 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 16.2 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 16.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 16.3 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 16.3 - Which of the following statements regarding...Ch. 16.4 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 16.4 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 16.5 - Prob. 1BC
Ch. 16.5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 16.5 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 16.5 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 16.6 - Prob. 1CCCh. 16.6 - Prob. 1BCCh. 16.6 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 16.6 - Genes that are linked do not conform to Mendels...Ch. 16 - Which of the following is an example of an...Ch. 16 - In mice, the allele of the Igf2 gene that is...Ch. 16 - Prob. 3TYCh. 16 - The marking process for genomic imprinting...Ch. 16 - According to Mary Lyons hypothesis, the patchwork...Ch. 16 - Prob. 6TYCh. 16 - Prob. 7TYCh. 16 - Prob. 8TYCh. 16 - Prob. 9TYCh. 16 - Prob. 10TYCh. 16 - Prob. 1CCQCh. 16 - Prob. 2CCQCh. 16 - Prob. 3CCQCh. 16 - Prob. 1CBQCh. 16 - Prob. 2CBQ
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- The beach mouse (Peromyscus polionotus) is a small rodent found in the southeastern United States. Coat color in the beach mouse is variable, from dark brown to blonde (Figure 1). A pigment called eumelanin is responsible for some of the diversity in mouse coat color. The MC1R gene, located on chromosome 8, plays a major role in the synthesis of eumelanin. There are two alleles of MC1R: R allele. Results in a functional MC1R protein that leads to stimulation of pigment production. This allele is found in dark colored mice. C allele. Results in a non-functional MC1R protein. Pigment production is, as a result, not stimulated. This allele is found in light colored mice. Figure 1. Beach mouse with light fur (left) and dark (right). These mice are hunted by visual predators like owls and fox. The distribution of coat color is not random. Beach mice with dark fur are found further inland, on dark brown soils while mice with light fur are found on beaches, where the sand is light brown.…arrow_forwardIn mammals, individuals with two X chromosomes usually de-activate one of the X chromosomes inside most of the organism's clls. The de-activated X chromosome is called a Barr body, and almost no transcription occurs from it. You would expect the Barr body to be composed of 1.) euchromatin 2.) RNA 3.) heterochromatin 4.) single-stranded DNAarrow_forwardAn ebony strain of flies was discovered to be sensitive to carbon dioxide. Crossing a female sensitive strain with male resistant strain gave all sensitive offspring. The offspring of an F1 female crossed with a resistant male were all sensitive. Cytoplasmic extracts from sensitive flies, when injected to resistant strains, can cause the latter to develop sensitivity to carbon dioxide. Provide an explanation for this observation.arrow_forward
- Suppose that you are studying the role of Protein B, which you believe plays a role in regulating PCD/Apoptosis in mice. You create two lines of mutant mice. One (bb) is homozygous for a loss-of-function allele of gene B. The other (Bb) is heterozygous, with one wild-type allele and one loss-of function allele. Initially you pay particular attention to two phenotypes of the resulting mice:(i) The morphology of their paws (see picture)(ii) The size of their brains & shape of their skulls. The bb mice have unusually large brains and unusual protrusions from their skulls. Suggest one other aspect of mouse morphology or physiology that you might expect to be altered in the absence of Protein B. Briefly explain your reasoning. Also, based on the apparent effect of Protein B on the likelihood of PCD/Apoptosis, would you classify Protein B as the product of a proto-oncogene or of a tumor suppressor gene?arrow_forwardSuppose that you are studying the role of Protein B, which you believe plays a role in regulating PCD/Apoptosis in mice. You create two lines of mutant mice. One (bb) is homozygous for a loss-of-function allele of gene B. The other (Bb) is heterozygous, with one wild-type allele and one loss-of function allele. Initially you pay particular attention to two phenotypes of the resulting mice:(i) The morphology of their paws (see picture) (ii) The size of their brains & shape of their skulls. The bb mice have unusually large brains and unusual protrusions from their skulls. Based on these data, does it appear that Protein B, when present and active, favors or inhibits PCD/Apoptosis?Briefly explain your reasoning. The answer should address both the paw and brain/skull data.arrow_forwardin a mammal, how many inactivated x chromosomes would be present in individuals of XO phenotype? A) 0 B) 1 C) 2arrow_forward
- Although most tortoiseshell cats are female, a litter of kittens will occasionally contain a male tortoiseshell. Which of the following can explain tortoiseshell coat color in a male kitten? Please explain in detail. The male kitten has an extra Y chromosome The male kitten has an extra X chromosome The male kitten has no X chromosome The male kitten cannot carry out X-inactivationarrow_forwardIf transmission of genetic information from cell to cell is normally achieved by copying the complementary DNA molecules how is this information equally shared between two daughter cells?arrow_forwardOccasionally, a mouse X chromosome is broken into two pieces and each piece becomes attached to a different autosome. A scientist studies this cell, and finds that the genes on only one of the two pieces undergo inactivation. By referring to the mechanism of X-chromosome inactivation, explain the observation made by the scientist.arrow_forward
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