Principles of Biology
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781259875120
Author: Robert Brooker, Eric P. Widmaier Dr., Linda Graham Dr. Ph.D., Peter Stiling Dr. Ph.D.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 16.3, Problem 1TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Lyon’s hypothesis states that the inactivation of one X chromosome in the females can take place at random, and this leads to the development of different
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Although most tortoiseshell cats are female, a litter of kittens will occasionally contain a male tortoiseshell. Which of the following can explain tortoiseshell coat color in a male kitten? Please explain in detail.
The male kitten has an extra Y chromosome
The male kitten has an extra X chromosome
The male kitten has no X chromosome
The male kitten cannot carry out X-inactivation
What is a Barr body?
How many Barr bodies in a person with genotype XXXXX?
How is the structure of a Barr body different from that of other chromosomes in the cell?
How does the structure of a Barr body affect gene expression?
Color-blindness is an X-linked recessive trait. Heterozygous females are not color blind but they can sometimes have partial color blindness. Explain how this can occur.
An attached-X female fly, XX ¬Y (see the “Insights and Solutions” box), expresses the recessive X-linked white-eye mutation. It is crossed to a male fly that expresses the X-linked recessive miniature-wing mutation. Determine the outcome of this cross in terms of sex, eye color, and wing size of the offspring.
Chapter 16 Solutions
Principles of Biology
Ch. 16.1 - Which of the following is an epigenetic change...Ch. 16.2 - If you crossed an Igf 2 Igf 2- male mouse to an...Ch. 16.2 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 16.2 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 16.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 16.3 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 16.3 - Which of the following statements regarding...Ch. 16.4 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 16.4 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 16.5 - Prob. 1BC
Ch. 16.5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 16.5 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 16.5 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 16.6 - Prob. 1CCCh. 16.6 - Prob. 1BCCh. 16.6 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 16.6 - Genes that are linked do not conform to Mendels...Ch. 16 - Which of the following is an example of an...Ch. 16 - In mice, the allele of the Igf2 gene that is...Ch. 16 - Prob. 3TYCh. 16 - The marking process for genomic imprinting...Ch. 16 - According to Mary Lyons hypothesis, the patchwork...Ch. 16 - Prob. 6TYCh. 16 - Prob. 7TYCh. 16 - Prob. 8TYCh. 16 - Prob. 9TYCh. 16 - Prob. 10TYCh. 16 - Prob. 1CCQCh. 16 - Prob. 2CCQCh. 16 - Prob. 3CCQCh. 16 - Prob. 1CBQCh. 16 - Prob. 2CBQ
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- Analysis of X-Linked Dominant and Recessive Traits In the eighteenth century, a young boy with a skin condition known as ichthyosis hystrix gravior was identified. The phenotype of this disorder includes thickening of skin and the formation of loose spines that are sloughed off periodically. This man married and had six sons, all of whom had the same condition. He also had several daughters, all of whom were unaffected. In all succeeding generations, the condition was passed on from father to son. What can you theorize about the location of the gene that causes ichthyosis hystrix gravior?arrow_forwardIn humans color vision is X-linked, the gene for color vision is located on the X chromosome but is absent on the Y chromosome. Normal color vision (XN) is dominant over colorblindness (Xn). Suppose a colorblind man fathers the children of a woman with genotype XNXN. What is the genotype of the father? What proportion of daughters will be colorblind? What proportion of the sons will be colorblind?arrow_forwardAn individual with 46, XX genotype is diagnosed with Duchenne-type Muscular Dystrophy, a recessive X-linked disorder. Genetic tests confirm that this individual is a heterozygote for this disorder. Briefly, but specifically, explain how it’s possible that they are showing symptoms of this disorder.arrow_forward
- In humans, an X-linked disorder called coloboma iridia (a fissure in the iris_ is a recessive trait. A normal couple has an afflicted daughter. What would be the most plausible scenario for this situation? the female is not the biological mother, but the male is the biological father the father carries one recessive allele, and the mother carries one recessive allele the mother carries two recessive alleles the male is not the biological father, but the female is the biological mother both parents are heterozygous for the traitarrow_forwardA female carrier of the X-linked recessive gene for red-green color blindness will display a phenotype of normal vision. red-green color blindness. XXC.arrow_forwardNormal vision (XA) in humans is dominant to color blindness (Xa) and is X-linked. A man with normal vision, whose father was colorblind, marries a colorblind woman. What are the chances that a son will be colorblind? What are the chances that a daughter will be colorblind? The determiner for brown eyes (B) is dominant to blue eyes (b) and is not X-linked. A colorblind man with brown eyes, whose mother was blue-eyed, marries a blue-eyed woman having normal vision, whose father was colorblind. Show the expected phenotypes ratio of their children involving eye color, color blindness, and sex.arrow_forward
- Draw a Punnett square for the dihybrid cross. There are two known alleles of gene occupying a specific locus in the X chromosome. The gene in question codes for a transcription factor involved in digit development. The mutant allele is dominant and gives rise to an additional but non-functioning little finger (polydactyly) on both hands. A couple have had their DNA sequenced at the region of interest, the male exhibits polydactyly because of the mutation, the female is homozygous wild type at the same locus and therefore has the wild type phenotype. Both have green eyes. In this story; eye colour shows a monogenic autosomal inheritance pattern and the allele for brown eyes shows incomplete dominance with that for blue eyes, the heterozygote phenotype is green eyes. The genes for eye colour and polydactyly show no linkage.arrow_forwardRed-green color blindness is inherited as a sex-linked recessive trait. The gene is found on the X chromosome. How can a man with normal color vision father a daughter who is red-green color-blind? Group of answer choices The man is heterozygous for red-green color blindness. The woman with whom he mates is red-green color-blind. He can't (unless there is a mutation). The man's mother carries an allele for red-green color blindness, and the expression of the trait skipped a generation.arrow_forwardIn female mamals, X chromosome inactivation often leads to phenotypic mosaicism. Assume that black fur in cats is due to the X-linked recessive gene b, whereas its dominant allele B produces yellow fur. A Bb heterozygote is a mosaic called "tortoise shell" or "calico." A mating between a black male and a calico female occurred. Give the phenotypes of the offspring. all calico regardless of sex calico females, black females, yellow males, and black males all black regardless of sex calico females and yellow males calico females, yellow females, black males, and yellow malesarrow_forward
- Which of the following statements is false? Dosage compensation is accomplished in humans by stimulation of gene expression from the single X chromosome. Dosage compensation is accomplished in humans by inactivating a female X chomosome. An individual with Turner Syndrome has no Barr bodies. An individual with Klinefelter syndrome generally has one Barr body. A typical XX human female has one Barr body.arrow_forwardMales of many diploid species (like us) have X and Y sex chromosomes. They are hemizygous for most X- linked genes. Thus, males express most X-linked alleles, whether they are dominant or recessive in females. In the fruit fly Drosophila, it is common to achieve the equivalent of a test cross of X-linked genes in females by assessing the readily observed phenotypes of their male progeny. Since males do not receive X-linked genes from their father, sires of these crosses can be normal or wild-type flies. In fly genetics, it is conventional to name a gene after the mutant phenotype that enabled its discovery. Your challenge is to establish gene order and map distances between three X-linked genes in Drosophila. Each gene is represented by recessive mutant alleles that express rather distinctive phenotypes relative to their dominant wild-type alternative alleles. Flies expressing fruitless (f) are bisexual, lush (1) have a heightened responses to ethanol, and ken&barbie (kb) lack external…arrow_forwardLet’s suppose that two different X-linked genes exist in mice,designated with the letters N and L. Gene N exists in a dominant,normal allele and in a recessive allele, n, that is lethal. Similarly,gene L exists in a dominant, normal allele and in a recessive allele,l, that is lethal. Heterozygous females are normal, but males thatcarry either recessive allele are born dead. Explain whether or notit would be possible to map the distance between these two genesby making crosses and analyzing the number of living and deadoffspring. You may assume that you have strains of mice in whichfemales are heterozygous for one or both genes.arrow_forward
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