(a) Interpretation: A curved-arrow mechanism corresponding to the acid-catalyzed addition of methanol to benzaldehyde is to be stated. Concept introduction: The chemical reaction in which a reactant combines with water molecule is known as hydration reaction. The hydration reaction of carbonyl compounds takes places in acidic and basic conditions. In acidic condition, hydration of carbonyl compound is known as acid-catalyzed addition.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 19, Problem 19.16P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

A curved-arrow mechanism corresponding to the acid-catalyzed addition of methanol to benzaldehyde is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The chemical reaction in which a reactant combines with water molecule is known as hydration reaction. The hydration reaction of carbonyl compounds takes places in acidic and basic conditions. In acidic condition, hydration of carbonyl compound is known as acid-catalyzed addition.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

A curved-arrow mechanism corresponding to the methoxide-catalyzed addition of methanol to benzaldehyde is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The chemical reaction in which a reactant combines with water molecule is known as hydration reaction. The hydration reaction of carbonyl compounds takes places in acidic and basic conditions. In basic condition, hydration of carbonyl compound is known as hydroxide-catalyzed addition.

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Students have asked these similar questions

1) The carbon-oxygen double bond present in aldehydes and ketones is very polar. What does this mean and how does it arise? 2) The carbon-oxygen double bond is readily attacked by nucleophiles like cyanide ions or ammonia. (i) What do you understand by the term nucleophile? (ii) Which part of the carbon-oxygen double bond is attractive to nucleophiles? 3) Why is there a difference between aldehydes and ketones in their response to oxidizing agents such as potassium dichromate(VI) solution acidified with dilute sulfuric acid?

11) Synthesize 2-methyl-3-hydroxycyclohexone from cyclohexone, methyl iodide, and inorganic precursors.

4) Give an example of an enol which would tautomerize into a) an aldehyde and b) a ketone.

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 19, Problem 19.16P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

A curved-arrow mechanism corresponding to the acid-catalyzed addition of methanol to benzaldehyde is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The chemical reaction in which a reactant combines with water molecule is known as hydration reaction. The hydration reaction of carbonyl compounds takes places in acidic and basic conditions. In acidic condition, hydration of carbonyl compound is known as acid-catalyzed addition.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

A curved-arrow mechanism corresponding to the methoxide-catalyzed addition of methanol to benzaldehyde is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The chemical reaction in which a reactant combines with water molecule is known as hydration reaction. The hydration reaction of carbonyl compounds takes places in acidic and basic conditions. In basic condition, hydration of carbonyl compound is known as hydroxide-catalyzed addition.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 19, Problem 19.16P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

A curved-arrow mechanism corresponding to the acid-catalyzed addition of methanol to benzaldehyde is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The chemical reaction in which a reactant combines with water molecule is known as hydration reaction. The hydration reaction of carbonyl compounds takes places in acidic and basic conditions. In acidic condition, hydration of carbonyl compound is known as acid-catalyzed addition.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

A curved-arrow mechanism corresponding to the methoxide-catalyzed addition of methanol to benzaldehyde is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The chemical reaction in which a reactant combines with water molecule is known as hydration reaction. The hydration reaction of carbonyl compounds takes places in acidic and basic conditions. In basic condition, hydration of carbonyl compound is known as hydroxide-catalyzed addition.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 19, Problem 19.16P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

A curved-arrow mechanism corresponding to the acid-catalyzed addition of methanol to benzaldehyde is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The chemical reaction in which a reactant combines with water molecule is known as hydration reaction. The hydration reaction of carbonyl compounds takes places in acidic and basic conditions. In acidic condition, hydration of carbonyl compound is known as acid-catalyzed addition.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

A curved-arrow mechanism corresponding to the methoxide-catalyzed addition of methanol to benzaldehyde is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The chemical reaction in which a reactant combines with water molecule is known as hydration reaction. The hydration reaction of carbonyl compounds takes places in acidic and basic conditions. In basic condition, hydration of carbonyl compound is known as hydroxide-catalyzed addition.

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Answer 5

Chapter 19, Problem 19.16P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

A curved-arrow mechanism corresponding to the acid-catalyzed addition of methanol to benzaldehyde is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The chemical reaction in which a reactant combines with water molecule is known as hydration reaction. The hydration reaction of carbonyl compounds takes places in acidic and basic conditions. In acidic condition, hydration of carbonyl compound is known as acid-catalyzed addition.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

A curved-arrow mechanism corresponding to the methoxide-catalyzed addition of methanol to benzaldehyde is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The chemical reaction in which a reactant combines with water molecule is known as hydration reaction. The hydration reaction of carbonyl compounds takes places in acidic and basic conditions. In basic condition, hydration of carbonyl compound is known as hydroxide-catalyzed addition.

Answer 6

Chapter 19, Problem 19.16P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

A curved-arrow mechanism corresponding to the acid-catalyzed addition of methanol to benzaldehyde is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The chemical reaction in which a reactant combines with water molecule is known as hydration reaction. The hydration reaction of carbonyl compounds takes places in acidic and basic conditions. In acidic condition, hydration of carbonyl compound is known as acid-catalyzed addition.

Answer 7

Chapter 19, Problem 19.16P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

A curved-arrow mechanism corresponding to the acid-catalyzed addition of methanol to benzaldehyde is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The chemical reaction in which a reactant combines with water molecule is known as hydration reaction. The hydration reaction of carbonyl compounds takes places in acidic and basic conditions. In acidic condition, hydration of carbonyl compound is known as acid-catalyzed addition.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

A curved-arrow mechanism corresponding to the methoxide-catalyzed addition of methanol to benzaldehyde is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The chemical reaction in which a reactant combines with water molecule is known as hydration reaction. The hydration reaction of carbonyl compounds takes places in acidic and basic conditions. In basic condition, hydration of carbonyl compound is known as hydroxide-catalyzed addition.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

A curved-arrow mechanism corresponding to the methoxide-catalyzed addition of methanol to benzaldehyde is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The chemical reaction in which a reactant combines with water molecule is known as hydration reaction. The hydration reaction of carbonyl compounds takes places in acidic and basic conditions. In basic condition, hydration of carbonyl compound is known as hydroxide-catalyzed addition.

Answer 10

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Answer 11

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Answer 12

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Answer 13

Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.1P Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.2P Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.3P Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.4P Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.5P Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.6P Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.7P Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.8P Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.9P Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.10P

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