Organic Chemistry
Organic Chemistry
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781936221349
Author: Marc Loudon, Jim Parise
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 20, Problem 20.10P
Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The structure of the product formed when 3-methylhexanoicacid is heated with a large excess of ethanol with sulfuric acid catalyst is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

An ester is formed by the reaction of carboxylic with alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst. This reaction is known as esterification.

Esters end with a suffix, oate. They are always present in the middle of the carbon chain. The carbon chain which is not bonded to the carbon of the ester group is named first, and then the carbon chain which includes the ester group COO is named.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The structure of the product formed when adipic acid is heated in a large excess of 1-propanol with sulfuric acid catalyst is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

An ester is formed by the reaction of carboxylic with alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst. This reaction is known as esterification.

Esters end with a suffix, oate. They are always present in the middle of the carbon chain. The carbon chain which is not bonded to the carbon of the ester group is named first, and then the carbon chain which includes the ester group COO is named.

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Biphenyl has the following structure.(a) Is biphenyl a (fused) polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon?(b) How many pi electrons are there in the two aromatic rings of biphenyl? How does this number compare with that for naphthalene?
. (a) The insecticide methoprene (see Fig. 7.32d) is an ester.       Write the structural formulas for the alcohol and the       carboxylic acid that react to form it. Name the       alcohol.(b) Suppose that the carboxylic acid from part (a) is     changed chemically so that the OCH3 group is replaced     by a hydrogen atom and the COOH group is replaced     by a CH3 group. Name the hydrocarbon that would     result.
Biphenyl has the following structure.(a) Is biphenyl a (fused) polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon?(b) How many pi electrons are there in the two aromatic rings of biphenyl? How does this number compare with that for naphthalene?(c) The heat of hydrogenation for biphenyl is about 418 kJ>mol (100 kcal>mol). Calculate theresonance energy of biphenyl.(d) Compare the resonance energy of biphenyl with that of naphthalene and with that of two benzene rings. Explain thedifference in the resonance energies of naphthalene and biphenyl.
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