(a) Interpretation: The reason as to why the most acidic species that can exist in significant concentration in any solvent is the conjugate acid of the solvent is to be stated. Concept introduction: An acid is a substance from which a proton can be removed and a base is a substance that can remove proton from an acid. In a reversible reaction, the acid releases a proton to the base, leaving the anion and positive charge species. In this way, they form acid- base pair, which is known as conjugated acid-base pair.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 20, Problem 20.36AP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The reason as to why the most acidic species that can exist in significant concentration in any solvent is the conjugate acid of the solvent is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

An acid is a substance from which a proton can be removed and a base is a substance that can remove proton from an acid. In a reversible reaction, the acid releases a proton to the base, leaving the anion and positive charge species. In this way, they form acid- base pair, which is known as conjugated acid-base pair.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The reason as to why HBr is a stronger acid in acetic acid solvent as compared to it is in water is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

An acid is a substance from which a proton can be removed and a base is a substance that can remove proton from an acid. In a reversible reaction, the acid releases a proton to the base, leaving the anion and positive charge species. In this way, they form acid- base pair, which is known as conjugated acid-base pair.

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Consider the molecular models shown here, where X representsa halogen atom. (a) If X is the same atom in bothmolecules, which molecule will be more acidic? (b) Doesthe acidity of each molecule increase or decrease as theelectronegativity of the atom X increases?

Arrange the given molecules by increasing acidity. Elaborate these in terms of their partial charges and their inductive effects.

(a) Draw the Lewis structures for at least four species thathave the general formula where X and Y may be the same or different, and n mayhave a value from +1 to -2. (b) Which of the compoundsis likely to be the strongest Brønsted base?

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 20, Problem 20.36AP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The reason as to why the most acidic species that can exist in significant concentration in any solvent is the conjugate acid of the solvent is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

An acid is a substance from which a proton can be removed and a base is a substance that can remove proton from an acid. In a reversible reaction, the acid releases a proton to the base, leaving the anion and positive charge species. In this way, they form acid- base pair, which is known as conjugated acid-base pair.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The reason as to why HBr is a stronger acid in acetic acid solvent as compared to it is in water is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

An acid is a substance from which a proton can be removed and a base is a substance that can remove proton from an acid. In a reversible reaction, the acid releases a proton to the base, leaving the anion and positive charge species. In this way, they form acid- base pair, which is known as conjugated acid-base pair.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 20, Problem 20.36AP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The reason as to why the most acidic species that can exist in significant concentration in any solvent is the conjugate acid of the solvent is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

An acid is a substance from which a proton can be removed and a base is a substance that can remove proton from an acid. In a reversible reaction, the acid releases a proton to the base, leaving the anion and positive charge species. In this way, they form acid- base pair, which is known as conjugated acid-base pair.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The reason as to why HBr is a stronger acid in acetic acid solvent as compared to it is in water is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

An acid is a substance from which a proton can be removed and a base is a substance that can remove proton from an acid. In a reversible reaction, the acid releases a proton to the base, leaving the anion and positive charge species. In this way, they form acid- base pair, which is known as conjugated acid-base pair.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 20, Problem 20.36AP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The reason as to why the most acidic species that can exist in significant concentration in any solvent is the conjugate acid of the solvent is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

An acid is a substance from which a proton can be removed and a base is a substance that can remove proton from an acid. In a reversible reaction, the acid releases a proton to the base, leaving the anion and positive charge species. In this way, they form acid- base pair, which is known as conjugated acid-base pair.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The reason as to why HBr is a stronger acid in acetic acid solvent as compared to it is in water is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

An acid is a substance from which a proton can be removed and a base is a substance that can remove proton from an acid. In a reversible reaction, the acid releases a proton to the base, leaving the anion and positive charge species. In this way, they form acid- base pair, which is known as conjugated acid-base pair.

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Answer 5

Chapter 20, Problem 20.36AP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The reason as to why the most acidic species that can exist in significant concentration in any solvent is the conjugate acid of the solvent is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

An acid is a substance from which a proton can be removed and a base is a substance that can remove proton from an acid. In a reversible reaction, the acid releases a proton to the base, leaving the anion and positive charge species. In this way, they form acid- base pair, which is known as conjugated acid-base pair.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The reason as to why HBr is a stronger acid in acetic acid solvent as compared to it is in water is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

An acid is a substance from which a proton can be removed and a base is a substance that can remove proton from an acid. In a reversible reaction, the acid releases a proton to the base, leaving the anion and positive charge species. In this way, they form acid- base pair, which is known as conjugated acid-base pair.

Answer 6

Chapter 20, Problem 20.36AP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The reason as to why the most acidic species that can exist in significant concentration in any solvent is the conjugate acid of the solvent is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

An acid is a substance from which a proton can be removed and a base is a substance that can remove proton from an acid. In a reversible reaction, the acid releases a proton to the base, leaving the anion and positive charge species. In this way, they form acid- base pair, which is known as conjugated acid-base pair.

Answer 7

Chapter 20, Problem 20.36AP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The reason as to why the most acidic species that can exist in significant concentration in any solvent is the conjugate acid of the solvent is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

An acid is a substance from which a proton can be removed and a base is a substance that can remove proton from an acid. In a reversible reaction, the acid releases a proton to the base, leaving the anion and positive charge species. In this way, they form acid- base pair, which is known as conjugated acid-base pair.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The reason as to why HBr is a stronger acid in acetic acid solvent as compared to it is in water is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

An acid is a substance from which a proton can be removed and a base is a substance that can remove proton from an acid. In a reversible reaction, the acid releases a proton to the base, leaving the anion and positive charge species. In this way, they form acid- base pair, which is known as conjugated acid-base pair.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The reason as to why HBr is a stronger acid in acetic acid solvent as compared to it is in water is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

An acid is a substance from which a proton can be removed and a base is a substance that can remove proton from an acid. In a reversible reaction, the acid releases a proton to the base, leaving the anion and positive charge species. In this way, they form acid- base pair, which is known as conjugated acid-base pair.

Answer 10

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Answer 11

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Answer 12

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Answer 13

Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.1P Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.2P Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.3P Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.4P Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.5P Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.6P Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.7P Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.8P Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.9P Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.10P

Solution Summary: The author states that the most acidic species that can exist in significant concentration in any solvent is the conjugate acid of the solvent.

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