a) Interpretation: Assuming Markovnikov’s rule is valid, the major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 3-methyl-3-butene is to be predicted. Concept introduction: Markovnikov’s rule can be used to decide on the orientation in electrophilic addition reactions. According to this rule, in the addition of HX to an alkene , the H attaches itself with the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and the X attaches itself with the carbon with more alkyl substituents. To state: The major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 3-methyl-3-butene assuming that Markovnikov’s rule is valid.

Question

What is the major organic product in the following reaction sequence? Type its systematic IUPAC name in the box below. Br 1) NaCN 2) H3O*, heat ?

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 7.SE, Problem 59AP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

Assuming Markovnikov’s rule is valid, the major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 3-methyl-3-butene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Markovnikov’s rule can be used to decide on the orientation in electrophilic addition reactions. According to this rule, in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H attaches itself with the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and the X attaches itself with the carbon with more alkyl substituents.

To state:

The major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 3-methyl-3-butene assuming that Markovnikov’s rule is valid.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

Assuming Markovnikov’s rule is valid, the major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to methylidenecyclohexene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Markovnikov’s rule can be used to decide on the orientation in electrophilic addition reactions. According to this rule, in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H attaches itself with the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and the X attaches itself with the carbon with more alkyl substituents.

To state:

The major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to methylidenecyclohexene assuming that Markovnikov’s rule is valid.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

Assuming Markovnikov’s rule is valid, the major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 4- methyl-1-pentene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Markovnikov’s rule can be used to decide on the orientation in electrophilic addition reactions. According to this rule, in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H attaches itself with the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and the X attaches itself with the carbon with more alkyl substituents.

To state:

The major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 4- methyl-1-pentene assuming that Markovnikov’s rule is valid.

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What is the major organic product in the following reaction sequence? Type its systematic IUPAC name in the box below. Br 1) NaCN 2) H3O*, heat ?

Explain why the following alcohols, when heated with acid, form the same alkene.

Complete the following transformations by indicating the reactant structure, all necessary reagents, or the major organic product(s).

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 7.SE, Problem 59AP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

Assuming Markovnikov’s rule is valid, the major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 3-methyl-3-butene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Markovnikov’s rule can be used to decide on the orientation in electrophilic addition reactions. According to this rule, in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H attaches itself with the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and the X attaches itself with the carbon with more alkyl substituents.

To state:

The major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 3-methyl-3-butene assuming that Markovnikov’s rule is valid.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

Assuming Markovnikov’s rule is valid, the major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to methylidenecyclohexene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Markovnikov’s rule can be used to decide on the orientation in electrophilic addition reactions. According to this rule, in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H attaches itself with the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and the X attaches itself with the carbon with more alkyl substituents.

To state:

The major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to methylidenecyclohexene assuming that Markovnikov’s rule is valid.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

Assuming Markovnikov’s rule is valid, the major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 4- methyl-1-pentene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Markovnikov’s rule can be used to decide on the orientation in electrophilic addition reactions. According to this rule, in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H attaches itself with the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and the X attaches itself with the carbon with more alkyl substituents.

To state:

The major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 4- methyl-1-pentene assuming that Markovnikov’s rule is valid.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 7.SE, Problem 59AP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

Assuming Markovnikov’s rule is valid, the major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 3-methyl-3-butene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Markovnikov’s rule can be used to decide on the orientation in electrophilic addition reactions. According to this rule, in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H attaches itself with the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and the X attaches itself with the carbon with more alkyl substituents.

To state:

The major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 3-methyl-3-butene assuming that Markovnikov’s rule is valid.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

Assuming Markovnikov’s rule is valid, the major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to methylidenecyclohexene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Markovnikov’s rule can be used to decide on the orientation in electrophilic addition reactions. According to this rule, in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H attaches itself with the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and the X attaches itself with the carbon with more alkyl substituents.

To state:

The major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to methylidenecyclohexene assuming that Markovnikov’s rule is valid.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

Assuming Markovnikov’s rule is valid, the major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 4- methyl-1-pentene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Markovnikov’s rule can be used to decide on the orientation in electrophilic addition reactions. According to this rule, in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H attaches itself with the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and the X attaches itself with the carbon with more alkyl substituents.

To state:

The major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 4- methyl-1-pentene assuming that Markovnikov’s rule is valid.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 7.SE, Problem 59AP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

Assuming Markovnikov’s rule is valid, the major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 3-methyl-3-butene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Markovnikov’s rule can be used to decide on the orientation in electrophilic addition reactions. According to this rule, in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H attaches itself with the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and the X attaches itself with the carbon with more alkyl substituents.

To state:

The major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 3-methyl-3-butene assuming that Markovnikov’s rule is valid.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

Assuming Markovnikov’s rule is valid, the major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to methylidenecyclohexene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Markovnikov’s rule can be used to decide on the orientation in electrophilic addition reactions. According to this rule, in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H attaches itself with the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and the X attaches itself with the carbon with more alkyl substituents.

To state:

The major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to methylidenecyclohexene assuming that Markovnikov’s rule is valid.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

Assuming Markovnikov’s rule is valid, the major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 4- methyl-1-pentene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Markovnikov’s rule can be used to decide on the orientation in electrophilic addition reactions. According to this rule, in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H attaches itself with the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and the X attaches itself with the carbon with more alkyl substituents.

To state:

The major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 4- methyl-1-pentene assuming that Markovnikov’s rule is valid.

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Answer 5

Chapter 7.SE, Problem 59AP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

Assuming Markovnikov’s rule is valid, the major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 3-methyl-3-butene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Markovnikov’s rule can be used to decide on the orientation in electrophilic addition reactions. According to this rule, in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H attaches itself with the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and the X attaches itself with the carbon with more alkyl substituents.

To state:

The major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 3-methyl-3-butene assuming that Markovnikov’s rule is valid.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

Assuming Markovnikov’s rule is valid, the major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to methylidenecyclohexene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Markovnikov’s rule can be used to decide on the orientation in electrophilic addition reactions. According to this rule, in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H attaches itself with the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and the X attaches itself with the carbon with more alkyl substituents.

To state:

The major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to methylidenecyclohexene assuming that Markovnikov’s rule is valid.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

Assuming Markovnikov’s rule is valid, the major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 4- methyl-1-pentene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Markovnikov’s rule can be used to decide on the orientation in electrophilic addition reactions. According to this rule, in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H attaches itself with the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and the X attaches itself with the carbon with more alkyl substituents.

To state:

The major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 4- methyl-1-pentene assuming that Markovnikov’s rule is valid.

Answer 6

Chapter 7.SE, Problem 59AP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

Assuming Markovnikov’s rule is valid, the major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 3-methyl-3-butene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Markovnikov’s rule can be used to decide on the orientation in electrophilic addition reactions. According to this rule, in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H attaches itself with the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and the X attaches itself with the carbon with more alkyl substituents.

To state:

The major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 3-methyl-3-butene assuming that Markovnikov’s rule is valid.

Answer 7

Chapter 7.SE, Problem 59AP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

Assuming Markovnikov’s rule is valid, the major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 3-methyl-3-butene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Markovnikov’s rule can be used to decide on the orientation in electrophilic addition reactions. According to this rule, in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H attaches itself with the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and the X attaches itself with the carbon with more alkyl substituents.

To state:

The major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 3-methyl-3-butene assuming that Markovnikov’s rule is valid.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

Assuming Markovnikov’s rule is valid, the major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to methylidenecyclohexene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Markovnikov’s rule can be used to decide on the orientation in electrophilic addition reactions. According to this rule, in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H attaches itself with the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and the X attaches itself with the carbon with more alkyl substituents.

To state:

The major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to methylidenecyclohexene assuming that Markovnikov’s rule is valid.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

Assuming Markovnikov’s rule is valid, the major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to methylidenecyclohexene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Markovnikov’s rule can be used to decide on the orientation in electrophilic addition reactions. According to this rule, in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H attaches itself with the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and the X attaches itself with the carbon with more alkyl substituents.

To state:

The major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to methylidenecyclohexene assuming that Markovnikov’s rule is valid.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

Assuming Markovnikov’s rule is valid, the major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 4- methyl-1-pentene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Markovnikov’s rule can be used to decide on the orientation in electrophilic addition reactions. According to this rule, in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H attaches itself with the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and the X attaches itself with the carbon with more alkyl substituents.

To state:

The major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 4- methyl-1-pentene assuming that Markovnikov’s rule is valid.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

Assuming Markovnikov’s rule is valid, the major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 4- methyl-1-pentene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Markovnikov’s rule can be used to decide on the orientation in electrophilic addition reactions. According to this rule, in the addition of HX to an alkene, the H attaches itself with the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents and the X attaches itself with the carbon with more alkyl substituents.

To state:

The major alcohol product obtainable by the acid-catalyzed addition of water to 4- methyl-1-pentene assuming that Markovnikov’s rule is valid.

Answer 12

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Answer 23

Ch. 7.2 - Calculate the degree of unsaturation in each of...Ch. 7.2 - Prob. 2P Ch. 7.2 - Diazepam, marketed as an antianxiety medication...Ch. 7.3 - Give IUPAC names for the following compounds:Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 5P Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 6P Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 7P Ch. 7.4 - Prob. 8P Ch. 7.4 - Prob. 9P Ch. 7.4 - Prob. 10P

Solution Summary: The author explains how Markovnikov's rule can be used to decide on the orientation in electrophilic addition reactions.

Chapter 7 Solutions