Principles of Biology
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781259875120
Author: Robert Brooker, Eric P. Widmaier Dr., Linda Graham Dr. Ph.D., Peter Stiling Dr. Ph.D.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 19, Problem 4TY
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Vestigial structure are body parts, organs, tissues which have no longer function in our body like an appendix, corner of eye, wisdom teeth, etc. It is a result of evolution. It is due to mutation now the time vestigial organs are useless.
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What are homologous structures?
A body structure that is present in one lineage but absent in another closely related lineage.
Body structures that are similar but evolved independently in different lineages
Body structures that are similar in different lineages because they are derived from a feature present in a common ancestor
In studying a species of fish, a structure is discovered that has no apparent function. If this is a vestigial structure, what would you find in at least some relatives of this fish? Why? *
The structure should look different and also have no function.
A similar structure should be present, but it would be larger and have a function.
The structure should be present and also have no function.
No answer
The structure should be absent from fossils of ancestors of this species.
A researcher studying the wing structures of bats, birds, and insects finds that while they all have
wings, their underlying bone structures and development are different. The wings of these
organisms are examples of:
Homoplasy
Homology
Synapomorphy
Apomorphy
Chapter 19 Solutions
Principles of Biology
Ch. 19.1 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 19.1 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 19.1 - The phrase an organism evolves is incorrect....Ch. 19.1 - Prob. 1BCCh. 19.2 - Explain how geography played a key role in the...Ch. 19.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 19.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 19.2 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 19.2 - Homologous traits show similarities because the...Ch. 19.3 - What is the frequency of pink flowers in a...
Ch. 19.3 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 19.3 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 19.4 - Lets suppose the climate on an island abruptly...Ch. 19.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 19.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 19.4 - Prob. 4CCCh. 19.4 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 19.4 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 19.4 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 19.5 - How does the bottleneck effect undermine the...Ch. 19.5 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 19.5 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 19.5 - Prob. 1BCCh. 19.6 - How does migration affect the genetic compositions...Ch. 19.6 - Prob. 1BCCh. 19.6 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 19.6 - Populations that experience inbreeding may also...Ch. 19 - Prob. 1TYCh. 19 - An evolutionary change in which a population of...Ch. 19 - Homology occurs because different species occupy...Ch. 19 - Prob. 4TYCh. 19 - Prob. 5TYCh. 19 - Prob. 6TYCh. 19 - Prob. 7TYCh. 19 - Prob. 8TYCh. 19 - Prob. 9TYCh. 19 - The micro-evolutionary factor most sensitive to...Ch. 19 - Prob. 1CCQCh. 19 - Prob. 2CCQCh. 19 - A principle of biology is that populations of...Ch. 19 - Prob. 1CBQCh. 19 - Prob. 2CBQ
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Which of the following statements about ancestral and derived traits are true? Ancestral traits are shared by taxa due to common ancestry (e.g., the ancestor had that trait). Derived traits are present in all members of a phylogeny Derived traits are new characteristics that evolved in a lineage after divergence from a common ancestor with an ancestral trait. Ancestral traits are unique to a single species.arrow_forwardDerived characters are traits that characterize the last common ancestor that a particular collection of species share. evolved after the last common ancestor that a particular collection of species share. are less suited to the environment than ancestral characters. are more complicated than ancestral characters.arrow_forwardWhat must be TRUE of any organ described as vestigial? It need be neither homologous nor analogous to some feature in an ancestor. O It must be analogous to some feature in an ancestor. O It must be homologous to some feature in an ancestor. OIt must be both homologous and analogous to some feature in an ancestor.arrow_forward
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- What are sister groups? Two groups of closely related organisms that share a common ancestor Two groups of distantly related organisms that share a common ancestor Two groups of organisms that look similar but are actually not related Two groups of closely related organisms that do not share a common ancestorarrow_forwardTransitional species are species important in helping scientists determine the evolutionary path that species have taken over long periods of time. Lobe-finned fishes are the ancestors of amphibians and have fossils that are found in rocks that are at least 380 million years old. Fossils of the oldest amphibian-like vertebrate animals with true legs and lungs are found in rocks that are approximately 363 million years old. Paleontologists have found a sample of rock that is approximately 370 million years old which contains what seems to be a link between lobe-finned fishes and amphibians. Which of the following is a characteristic that you would not expect to see in this transitional fossil? Question options: Skeletal structures that indicate the development of legs. An intermediate structure between lungs and gills. Teeth that are intermediate to the lobe-finned fishes and amphibians. A neck that is more flexible than lobe-finned fishes.arrow_forwardChoose the correct descriptions for synapomorphies and apomorphies. Synapomorphy: A derived trait unique to a single species Synapomorphy: A shared derived trait that unites a group of organisms Apomorphy: A trait shared by all members of a group due to common ancestry Apomorphy: A derived trait that can be unique to a single speciesarrow_forward
- Megan, a paleontologist, is working with a new fossil collection of trilobites from the paleozoic era. Part of her research is figuring out how many species of trilobites are in this new collection. What species concept will Megan not be able to use while doing her work? Biological species concept O Phylogenetic species concept O Megan will be able to use all of them Morphological species concept O Megan will not be able to use any of themarrow_forwardPhylogeny refers to the evolutionary descent of taxa. It refers to the relationship between ancestors and descendants and relationships among descendant taxa. It shows the lineage of taxa which can be summarized in a branching diagram called a phylogenetic tree.1. Express some basic evolutionary relationships among groups of microorganisms, plants, and animals; 2. Illustrate the relationship of organisms with their environment; and 3. Analyze environmental factors contributing to biodiversity richness and lossarrow_forwardWhat evidence is there that the 15 species of finch all evolved from one common ancestor? DNA analysis shows that their DNA is almost identical with only minor changes. Scientists have been studying them since Darwin in 1835 and have watched them evolve. Observation of all 15 species shows that they look incredibly similar, with minor changes to beak size and shape. These 15 species are found nowhere else in the world, and the islands are located close enough to the mainland for birds to migrate.arrow_forward
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