Principles of Biology
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781259875120
Author: Robert Brooker, Eric P. Widmaier Dr., Linda Graham Dr. Ph.D., Peter Stiling Dr. Ph.D.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 19.2, Problem 2TYK
Homologous traits show similarities because the species exhibiting those traits
- occupy similar environments.
- evolved from a common ancestor.
- evolved in a similar environment.
- are geographically close to each other.
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Choose all of the correct statements about complex adaptations:
Complex adaptations might evolve through a combination of of gene recruitment and promiscuous proteins.
The parts of a complex adaptation may have evolved for a different function originally.
Complex adaptations require all parts of the adaptation to evolve simultaneously.
Complex adaptation do not evolve by natural selection.
Complex adaptations are composed of multiple, different traits, such as behavior and physiology.
Complex adaptations are 'irreducibly complex'.
Complex adaptations are the result of parallel evolution.
omplex adaptations always take thousands of years to evolve.
Which of the following is the best definition of a major transition in evolution?
Individuals evolve traits the help them fight off rivals
Formerly independent replicating individuals form a collective that reproduces together
A group of individuals evolve traits that help them individually forage better
Individuals evolve traits that allow them to colonize a new environment.
In order for natural selection to occur, organisms must (select all that apply)
have a variation that can be passed from one generation to the next.
have differential reproductive success.
survive longer than another organism.
have adaptations to their environment.
Chapter 19 Solutions
Principles of Biology
Ch. 19.1 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 19.1 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 19.1 - The phrase an organism evolves is incorrect....Ch. 19.1 - Prob. 1BCCh. 19.2 - Explain how geography played a key role in the...Ch. 19.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 19.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 19.2 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 19.2 - Homologous traits show similarities because the...Ch. 19.3 - What is the frequency of pink flowers in a...
Ch. 19.3 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 19.3 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 19.4 - Lets suppose the climate on an island abruptly...Ch. 19.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 19.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 19.4 - Prob. 4CCCh. 19.4 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 19.4 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 19.4 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 19.5 - How does the bottleneck effect undermine the...Ch. 19.5 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 19.5 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 19.5 - Prob. 1BCCh. 19.6 - How does migration affect the genetic compositions...Ch. 19.6 - Prob. 1BCCh. 19.6 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 19.6 - Populations that experience inbreeding may also...Ch. 19 - Prob. 1TYCh. 19 - An evolutionary change in which a population of...Ch. 19 - Homology occurs because different species occupy...Ch. 19 - Prob. 4TYCh. 19 - Prob. 5TYCh. 19 - Prob. 6TYCh. 19 - Prob. 7TYCh. 19 - Prob. 8TYCh. 19 - Prob. 9TYCh. 19 - The micro-evolutionary factor most sensitive to...Ch. 19 - Prob. 1CCQCh. 19 - Prob. 2CCQCh. 19 - A principle of biology is that populations of...Ch. 19 - Prob. 1CBQCh. 19 - Prob. 2CBQ
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- Based on the cladogram in Figure 1, which of the following conclusions about the evolution of the anole species is most reasonable? ·A. carolinensis A. stratulus A. evermanni A. cristatellus A. gundlachi A. sagrei A. valencienni A. lineatopus Figure 1. Cladogram of some anole speciesarrow_forwardWhich part of these statements isn't right ? A species is a group of organisms that can potentially interbreed with one another to produce viable, fertile offspring. Speciation is when two new species form from one original one. Sympatric speciation occurs when there is a geographic separation of a population. Allopatric speciation occurs while the population remains in the same area. Adaptive radiation occurs when one species evolves into many to fill several different niches. Natural selection requires traits to be passed from parent to offspring, more offspring are produced than can survive creating competition, and inherited traits vary among offspring. Fossils, Anatomy and embryology, biogeography, and molecular biology all provide support for the theory of evolution. Evolution can be driven by many different things. Mutations are changes in DNA that create new alleles in a population. Gene flow is the flow of alleles in and out of a population resulting from the migration…arrow_forwardAt the edge of the Arctic Circle, owls prey on field mice. Occasionally, in a litter of white field mice, a brown mouse appears. Because of greenhouse warming, the snow melts, changing the environment to shades of brown. The adaptations which allow survival and reproduction of a certain color of mice in the new environment is due to: variation. lethal mutations. acquired traits. isolation.arrow_forward
- Define natural selection using the 5 points below to explain its role in understanding primate behavior. (1) there is variation among individuals; (2) some of that variation is heritable; (3) there is always competition between individuals for resources; (4) some variants outcompete other variants and leave more offspring; (5) to the extent that the parent's traits are heritable, then a larger portion of the next generation will reflect those traits.arrow_forwardConsider a population of sticklebacks in a large lake undergoing pollution remediation. The remediation is effective in improving water quality and clarity. This could potentially cause the number of bony plates on sticklebacks to evolve. Which of the following answers best identifies the conditions under which NO natural selection would occur? All of the sticklebacks have 14 bony plates The number of bony plates present on a stickleback is not a heritable trait There is no selective advantage to having any particular number of bony plates If at least one of the conditions identified in the previous three answers is present, there will be no natural selection Only if all three of the conditions identified in the first three answers are present, there will be no natural selectionarrow_forwardNatural selection can be defined as: chance differences in organism traits. the chance for species numbers to increase rapidly. the processes that lead individuals to resemble their parents. the differential survival and reproduction of individuals. the genetic fixation of species.arrow_forward
- A species is a group of individual organisms that interbreed and produce fertile, viable offspring. According to this definition, one species is distinguished from another when, in nature, it is not possible for matings between individuals from each species to produce fertile offspring. Evolution is an important mechanism in the formation of new species. The evolution of a new species requires several components including all, BUT A) Evolution of a new species requires a long time. B) Evolution of a new species requires the need for a genetic change. C) Evolution of a new species requires a separation that prevents interbreeding. D) Evolution of a new species requires mutations that produce new genetic traits. not graded use photoarrow_forwardHow is variation different from adaptation? * No answer Variation is always caused by mutation while adaptation is a heritable trait. Variation is a difference within an individual organism from the rest of the population. An adaptation is a feature that helps an organism survive in its environment. Adaptation is a difference within an individual organism from the rest of the population. A variation is a feature that helps an organism survive in its environment. Variations are physical or behavioral traits that make an organism better suited to its environment while adaptation comes from random mutations.arrow_forwardWhat is an adaptation in the context of evolution? A heritable trait that was favored by natural selection. choose one of the following. A random genetic mutation that causes a new trait in a population. The ability of an individual to adjust to their environment as it changes..arrow_forward
- In natural selection, what must be TRUE of traits that are passed down through generations? * The trait must be one that does not give an advantage to any particular individuals. The trait must be one that members of the species have chosen to reproduce. no answer The trait must be one that gives an advantage to certain individuals. The trait must be one that members of the species like and enjoy. A fossil of winged dinosaur was discovered. Upon closer inspection, scientist find out that the impressions around the limbs and tails resemble a structure of feathers. What does this discovery suggest? * Dinosaurs were flying reptiles. Modern reptiles lose their feathers. Birds evolved from dinosaurs. no answer All winged animals share common ancestry.arrow_forwardOver many generations, there is a good chance that an advantageous gene will be shared by every organism of the same species or that a new species will emerge. These long-term outcomes are called: population evolution hybridization adaptationarrow_forwardNatural selection and artificial selection or selective breeding can both cause changes in animals and plants. The difference between the two is that natural selection happens naturally, but selective breeding only occurs when humans intervene. Changes in genetic traits have occurred over generations through both natural selection and selective breeding although the occur through different means. What characterizes only artificial selection? Choose all that apply. A) chickens that lay larger eggs are favored B) selection increases the chances of surviving C) selection make a species stronger and fit for survival D) selection favors the desired characters in the new organismsarrow_forward
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