Principles of Biology
Principles of Biology
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781259875120
Author: Robert Brooker, Eric P. Widmaier Dr., Linda Graham Dr. Ph.D., Peter Stiling Dr. Ph.D.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 21.3, Problem 2CC
Summary Introduction

To analyze: The nucleotide change responsible for the shared derived character for species A, B and C but not for the species G.

Introduction:

Shared derived character is a character that is shared by two or more species or taxa and has originated in their most recent common ancestor.

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(a) Explain how comparing the sequence of bases of genes and the sequenoe of amino acids of diferent proteins helps to determine evolutonary relationships between species (3 marks)
The table shows the number of cytochrome c amino acid differences as compared to human cytochrome c. (see 2-point scoring rubric) Monkey Rabbit Shark Tuna Turtle Number of amino acid differences compared to human cytochrome c Frog 9 Horse 5 1 4 14 11 8 4. Suppose that two species, A and B, appear similarly but have molecular homoplasy, while species B and C appear differently but have molecular homology. Which pair of species is more likely to be closely related? Explain.
DNA from species A, labeled with 14N and randomly fragmented, is renatured with an equal concentration of DNA from species B, labeled with 15N and randomly fragmented, and then centrifuged to equilibrium in CsCl. 5% of the total renatured DNA has a hybrid density. What fraction of the base sequence is common to the two species?
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